Hi Jon, I understand...sentences that turn into an entire paragraph are hard to breakdown and analyze. Permissive users are hard to determine in commercial auto because of who owns/insures the vehicle and what it is used for. What you need to know here is that some "permissive user" coverage is available under a BAP; however the BAP want to make exceptions to claims that are required to be covered under another policy, i.e. employees and Workers Compensation. Please don't spend a great of time trying to break down each section. You only need to know this at a high level. Jan